National Development Plan Launch Speech by Minister in the Presidency, Mr Trevor Manuel

11 Nov 2011

Programme Director
His Excellency President Zuma
Honourable Deputy President Motlanthe
Honourable Ministers and Deputy Ministers
Premiers
Mayors
Commissioners
Distinguished guests
Ladies and gentlemen

"In 2030 we live in a country which we have remade. We have created a home where everybody feels free yet bounded to others; where everyone embraces their full potential; a community that is proud to be a community that cares." (Quote from vision statement)

Ladies and gentlemen, this plan that we present to the President and the country today is principally about relationships; relationships that people have with their country, relationships that we have with one another and the relationship that as citizens of South Africa we have with the state. At the moment these relationships are broken. As South Africans we disregard one another. As South Africans we disregard the law. What we want by 2030 is to have created a country in which we value one another, in which we value life and we value our communities. We value doing the right thing. We want to have created a home where everybody feels free yet bounded to others. This plan is about what binds us.

What binds us is a new story, a story for a better South Africa and for all its people, a story to eliminate poverty and reduce inequality, a story that changes the life chances of our people, particularly young people and women; a story that draws on our history, our experience and our traditions.

When the commission was inaugurated exactly 18 months ago, the President gave the commission the license to be bold, honest and critical. He explicitly stated that he did not want a back-slapping commission. The President's faith must have been tested when the Commission released the diagnostic document in June this year which presented a sharply honest and critical appraisal of our performance since 1994 and our failure to overcome poverty and inequality.

The plan we unveil today is similarly bold and honest. If we don't strike out bravely, the cleavages in our society will simply deepen.

As a commission we have applied our minds to the 9 challenges we identified as the most pressing in the diagnostic report. These were:

1. Too few people work
2. The standard of education for most black learners if of poor quality
3. Infrastructure is poorly located, under-maintained and insufficient to foster higher growth
4. Special patterns exclude the poor from the fruits of development
5. The economy is overly and unsustainably resource intensive
6. A widespread diseased burden is compounded by a failing public health system
7. Public services are uneven and often of poor quality
8. Corruption is widespread
9. South Africa remains a divided society

We have added another four to the original 9:  these cover social protection, the rural economy, citizens' safety and South Africa in relation to the region and the world.

In crafting the plan we took into account several factors, such as demographic and global trends that are profoundly changing our world. We extensively reviewed government policy and examined the 13 key challenges in great detail.

Our leitmotif has been that we want to eliminate poverty and reduce inequality. Consistent with the diagnostic report and the views of thousands of people who were consulted, increasing employment and improving the quality of education form our highest priorities in the plan.

If we fail to tackle these two challenges, not only will progress in other areas unravel, but we also face the real prospect of rising social instability, increasing frustration of young people, greater likelihood of populism in our politics and greater divisions in our society. We cannot hope to unite our country if young people feel as though the odds are stacked against them.

Our constitution provides a basis for our policies in this regard. It states that South Africa belongs to all who live in it and that all are equal before the law. How do we make the constitution a reality for all South Africans? How do we ensure that opportunities for each person are not determined by who they are or where they were born but by their hard work, effort, skill, talents and the opportunities open to them.

In all our encounters with thousands of people across the country the message has been clear: South Africans love our country. They are proud of our achievements since 1994, have faith in our democratic institutions and want to see greater success for our country. They are prepared to commit themselves to building a better South Africa. Our challenge is to make it possible for them to contribute to the South Africa we want to see by 2030. This plan is not a sermon from the mount. It's about identifying how people can be empowered to enable change. We need to reshape expectations we have of government. We have to forge an active citizenry that takes ownership of the solutions to our problems.

The plan is about achieving this shift in perspectives and relationships. It also contains very specific recommendations. For example, in the chapter on an integrated and inclusive rural economy we focus on support systems that will give life to land redistribution. We need to put land to productive use. We estimate that agriculture has the potential to create close to 1 million new jobs by 2030. To achieve this we need to:

1) expand irrigated agriculture by substantially investing in water resource and irrigation infrastructure

2) Create security of tenure for communal farmers. This is vital if we are to secure incomes for existing farmers and for new entrants. We must investigate flexible systems of land use for different kinds of farming on communal lands

3) Invest substantially in providing innovative market linkages for small-scale farmers in the communal and land reform areas, with provision to link these farmers to markets in South Africa and further afield in the sub-continent.

4) Put in place preferential procurement mechanisms to ensure that new entrants into agriculture can access the "food away from home" market, including school feeding schemes and other forms of institutionalised catering such as food services in hospitals and correctional facilities.

5) Give greater support to public-private partnerships to develop under-exploited opportunities. Examples of regions with untapped potential include the Makatini Flats and the Eastern Cape

Similarly, in the chapter on transforming urban and rural spaces we spell out why and how we can unravel the spatial patterns of Apartheid that still plague us. Transforming human settlements is a large and complex agenda requiring far-reaching policy changes. Most state investment goes into household services. Over time, the state should shift its role from a direct housing provide to a housing facilitator, developing public goods through investment in public transport, economic and social infrastructure and quality public spaces.

The plan addresses how we can transform where people live; how we can break the pattern of government building soulless little boxes and instead facilitate the development of communities. We want to link where people sleep, pray and play with where they work. We want to develop communities understanding that the quality of life for many is undermined by the fact that they must travel great distances to get to and from work. Our proposals on urban areas include:

1) Developing a more coherent and inclusive approach to land. All municipalities should be encouraged to formulate specific land policies showing how vacant and under-used land will be developed and managed to achieve wider socio-economic objectives

2) Radically revising the housing finance regime by shifting funding away from building single houses to supporting the development of a wide variety of housing types with different tenure arrangements, including affordable rental and social housing.

3) Strengthening the link between public transport and land use management with the introduction of incentives and regulations to support compact mixed-use developments

4) Enhancing the existing national programme for informal settlements by developing a range of tailored responses to their upgrade including minimum health and safety standards.

We need strong and mature leadership both in government and from communities to achieve the unity and common purpose required to see the plan through. Leadership is about problem solving. We need initiative. We need voice. We need to test ideas. We can all be leaders in our society. We can all implement the solutions we have collectively identified.

This requires us to change the way we approach challenges. It requires a paradigm shift. This is what we propose in the plan. In coming up with solutions the Commission  has drawn strongly from definitions of development that focus on creating the conditions, opportunities  and capabilities that enable people to lead the lives they desire. Development is the process of raising the capabilities of all citizens, particularly those who were previously disadvantaged.

The development of capabilities is critical to enable our youth to grasp the opportunities that we develop. Education and skills development are critical capabilities, but there are others too. Better public transport, a well designed social safety net, a healthy population, better located housing settlements and safer communities are critical to enable people to improve their own lives. The plan therefore charts a new course.

This new course is one where communities in partnership with government develop the capabilities to improve their own lives through education, employment, healthcare, transport, social security and safer communities. At the same time, we have to broaden the economic opportunities available to citizens. This requires faster economic growth, a more labour absorbing economy, higher levels of investment, inclusive and integrated rural economies and better located human settlements. While we build these capabilities for both individuals and for the country, we must do so mindful of the impact on our environment, which is an endowment we cannot destroy.

The paradigm shift from a delivery model to a capabilities approach requires three complementary enablers

•  The first of this is an active citizenry, involved in their own development and in the development of their community.
• The second is a capable and effective state, able to understand when and where it needs to act, what its limitations are and how to partner with other forces in society to achieve complex objectives.
• The third enabler is strong and mature leadership from all institutions in society.

An active citizenry, working in partnership with government, business and civil society is critical to this new development paradigm. While the state can build schools, we need communities to work with the schools to ensure that they work properly and that children study hard. Our paradigm is one where communities are active in their own development.

The challenge we face in our education sector illustrates this point well. There is universal acknowledgement that our education system fails the poor. It needs transformation so that Thandi and the millions of young people like her have better chances in life. Achieving this requires a collective effort. We have to talk to one another and draw on the energies of those who are committed to finding solutions. We must leave the naysayers behind.

We hope that the proposals in the plan will be taken in the spirit in which they were designed - an honest and open-handed attempt to tackle the deep-seated problems that bedevil our country.

The process of developing this plan has indeed been a unique one. It was a bold and brave step by the President to appoint a commission of people outside of government, South Africans who care deeply about their country, to help develop a national plan for the country. The President has shown remarkable confidence in our institutions of democracy to embark on such an open process.

The plan is the product of not just the commissioners but also tens of thousands of ordinary South Africans, young and old, black and white, who have shared with us their dreams, hopes and ideas for the future. Following the release of the Diagnostic Report, the commission embarked on a broad public consultation, which took us from deep rural areas in Mpumalanga to East London in the Eastern Cape. In addition to dozens of direct, face-to-face discussions with communities and organisations, the commission also hosted an online, interactive discussion with about 10 000 young people.

There are several important areas that the commission did not get to. Some of these areas include new and more inclusive models of economic empowerment, ways to enhance national reconciliation and regional peace and security issues.

Over the next few months we will consult with the broadest possible range of organisations and intensely interrogate the plans with government. After a period of refinement and improvement, the plan will be presented to Cabinet for consideration. President Zuma will set out the timeframes and parameters for these processes.

Ladies and gentlemen, asking a group of part time commissioners to help draft a plan for the country has several advantages, but also introduced some challenges. The commissioners all have day jobs. Despite their day jobs, all the commissioners have put in an immense amount of time and effort over past 18 months. They have brought their experience, technical background, social networks and political acumen to the task at hand. On behalf of the chairperson and deputy chairperson of the commission, we would like to thank each of the commissioners for their contributions.

In addition to the efforts of the commissioners, tens of thousands of South Africans have helped us through their expressions of support and their detailed contributions to the work of the commission. We wish to thank them for their contribution. We also wish to thank the people who helped us craft the vision statement.

The work of the National Planning Commission does not end here. After the plan is presented to Cabinet in a few months, the commission will begin detailed work. We will take three or four areas each year, so that we can complete the detailed work within the three and half years left of the term of the commission.

Leadership is about all of us. And transformation is about leadership working together. We have a plan. Let's work together to perfect it. Let's experiment. Then let's implement

Allow me to leave you with another quote from the vision statement;

"South Africa belongs to all its peoples.
Now, in 2030, our story keeps growing as if spring is always with us.
Once, we uttered the dream of a rainbow.
Now we see it, living it. It does not curve over the sky.
It is refracted in each one of us at home, in the community, in the city, and across the land, in an abundance of colour.
When we see it in the faces of our children, we know: there will always be, for us, a worthy future."

Issued by The Presidency, November 11 2011

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